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Business Law

Business Formation

The entity structure you choose for your business determines your personal liability exposure, tax treatment, and ability to raise capital. WG Law helps North Texas entrepreneurs get it right from day one — so you can build with confidence.

Visual Guide

Choosing Your Business Entity

Compare the four most common business structures on liability, taxation, and complexity. The shield represents personal liability protection.

LiabilityTaxationComplexitySoleProprietorshipSOLE PROPUnlimitedPass-throughMinimalLimitedLiability Co.LLCLimitedFlexibleLowSCorporationS-CORPLimitedPass-throughMediumCCorporationC-CORPLimitedDoubleHigh= Personal liability protection= No liability protection
1

Why Entity Choice Matters

Operating as a sole proprietor means your personal assets — your home, savings, retirement accounts, and car — are fully exposed if your business is sued or cannot pay its debts. A creditor who wins a judgment against your business can garnish your wages, levy your bank accounts, and place liens on your property. Forming an LLC or corporation under the Texas Business Organizations Code creates a legal shield between you and your business, limiting your personal exposure to the amount you have invested in the entity. Beyond liability protection, entity choice drives your tax situation: how business profits are taxed, whether you owe self-employment taxes on every dollar of income, and how ownership transfers when you sell or bring on partners. These decisions compound over time, making the formation stage one of the most consequential legal moments in any entrepreneur's journey.

2

LLC vs. S-Corp vs. C-Corp in Texas

Texas recognizes several entity types, each with distinct implications for liability, taxation, and management. A Limited Liability Company (LLC) offers flexibility in management and taxation with minimal ongoing formalities — members can manage the business directly, or delegate management to one or more appointed managers. By default, an LLC is treated as a pass-through entity for federal tax purposes, meaning profits flow to the members' personal returns without entity-level taxation. An S-Corporation provides pass-through taxation with potential self-employment tax savings: owners who work in the business pay themselves a reasonable salary (subject to payroll taxes) and may take additional distributions that are not subject to self-employment tax — a meaningful saving for profitable businesses. A C-Corporation offers the greatest structural flexibility for raising outside capital, issuing multiple classes of stock, and attracting institutional investors, but faces double taxation: the corporation pays federal income tax at the entity level, and shareholders pay again when they receive dividends. For most North Texas small businesses and professional practices, an LLC — potentially with an S-Corporation tax election — delivers the best combination of protection, simplicity, and tax efficiency.

3

Operating Agreements and Bylaws

Forming an entity with the Texas Secretary of State is only the first step. An operating agreement (for LLCs) or bylaws (for corporations) governs how the business is actually run — how decisions are made, how profits are distributed, how new members or shareholders are admitted, what happens if an owner wants to leave, and how disputes are resolved. Texas law does not require an LLC to have a written operating agreement, but operating without one subjects your business to the default rules of the Texas Business Organizations Code, which may not reflect the owners' actual intentions. Courts have also held that the absence of formalities — including a written operating agreement — can weaken the personal liability protection the entity is supposed to provide. For multi-member businesses especially, a carefully drafted operating agreement is the document that prevents a business dispute from becoming a personal financial catastrophe. WG Law drafts operating agreements that address the situations that actually arise, not just the boilerplate language that fills most online templates.

4

Registered Agents and Texas Compliance

Every Texas LLC and corporation must maintain a registered agent — a person or entity with a physical address in Texas who is authorized to receive legal process and official correspondence on the business's behalf. The registered agent's address is the address that appears in the Secretary of State's public records, and service of process delivered there is legally effective against the business. Failing to maintain a current registered agent can result in default judgments being entered against your company without your knowledge. Beyond the registered agent requirement, Texas businesses must maintain a current registered office address, file periodic public information reports, pay franchise tax as required, and comply with any industry-specific licensing requirements. Certain changes — such as amending the company name, adding or removing members, or changing the management structure — require formal amendment filings with the Secretary of State. WG Law helps business owners in McKinney, Frisco, Plano, and across North Texas stay on top of these requirements from the start.

5

DBA and Assumed Name Filings

If your business will operate under a name different from its legal entity name — for example, if your LLC is named 'Smith Holdings, LLC' but you want to do business as 'Collin County Lawn Care' — Texas law requires you to file an assumed name certificate (commonly called a DBA, or 'doing business as') with the county clerk in every county where you conduct business. Under the Texas Business & Commerce Code, Chapter 71, operating under an assumed name without filing the certificate can result in loss of the right to sue in Texas courts under that name. The certificate must be filed within thirty days of beginning to use the name, and it must be renewed every ten years. Many business owners overlook this requirement, particularly when they later add service lines or rebrand under a new trade name. Our attorneys ensure that your business name strategy is legally secured from the outset, protecting your brand and your right to enforce contracts.

6

Professional Entities (PLLCs and PCs)

Texas law imposes special requirements on businesses that provide licensed professional services — including law, medicine, dentistry, engineering, architecture, accounting, and optometry. These professionals generally cannot form a standard LLC or corporation; they must form a Professional Limited Liability Company (PLLC) or a Professional Corporation (PC) under the Texas Business Organizations Code, Chapter 301. A PLLC provides personal liability protection from the business debts and obligations of the entity, but does not shield an individual professional from liability for their own professional malpractice. All members or owners of a PLLC must hold the required professional license, and the entity itself may need to register with the relevant licensing board. For multi-disciplinary professional practices or arrangements where licensed and unlicensed personnel share ownership, additional planning is required. WG Law advises licensed professionals throughout the DFW area on the entity structures available to them and helps navigate the intersection of professional licensing rules and business formation.

7

Ongoing Compliance and the Corporate Veil

Forming an entity protects you only if you maintain it properly. Texas courts can 'pierce the corporate veil' — disregarding the legal separation between you and your business — if the entity is used as an alter ego, if owners commingle personal and business funds, if the business is inadequately capitalized relative to its risks, or if the entity fails to observe required corporate formalities. Piercing the veil effectively eliminates your personal liability protection, exposing your home, savings, and other assets to business creditors. To maintain the shield your entity provides, you must keep separate business bank accounts, obtain a dedicated Employer Identification Number (EIN) for the business, document major business decisions in writing, maintain adequate insurance, and file all required reports with the state on time. Annual compliance is not optional — it is the price of personal liability protection. Our attorneys help North Texas business owners establish and maintain the practices that keep the legal shield intact.

8

Business Formation and Estate Planning

Business formation and estate planning are deeply interconnected, and failing to coordinate them can have serious consequences. Who inherits your ownership interest if you die? If your operating agreement does not address this question, a deceased member's interest may pass through probate — potentially bringing an unwanted heir into the business or triggering a forced buyout on unfavorable terms. For family-owned businesses, the operating agreement should address succession, death, and disability explicitly, ideally in coordination with a buy-sell agreement funded by life insurance. If you hold real estate or other investment assets in the business, the structure affects both your estate plan and your Medicaid planning. WG Law provides the integrated perspective that business formation and estate planning deserve — ensuring that the entity you build today fits seamlessly into the legacy you want to leave. To learn more, see our practice areas for estate planning and business tax consulting.

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Common Questions

Business Formation FAQ

What is the best business entity for a small business in Texas?
For most small businesses in North Texas, an LLC provides the best starting point: personal liability protection, flexible management, and pass-through taxation with minimal formalities. If the business is profitable and the owner works in it full time, adding an S-Corporation tax election can reduce self-employment tax obligations. A C-Corporation is typically reserved for businesses seeking venture capital or planning to go public. The right answer depends on your specific goals, industry, and tax situation — which is why a consultation with an attorney and CPA at the formation stage is worth the investment.
How much does it cost to form an LLC in Texas?
The Texas Secretary of State charges a $300 filing fee to form an LLC (Certificate of Formation). Professional registered agent services typically cost $50 to $150 per year. Attorney fees for formation vary based on the complexity of the operating agreement and any additional documents needed, such as buy-sell agreements or assignment of pre-existing intellectual property. Online formation services may appear cheaper, but they produce generic documents that may not protect you in the situations that actually arise. An attorney-drafted formation package is a one-time investment that can prevent far more expensive disputes down the road.
Do I need an operating agreement if I am the only member of my LLC?
Yes. Even for single-member LLCs, a written operating agreement reinforces the legal separation between you and the business — an important factor if a court ever considers whether to pierce the corporate veil. A single-member operating agreement also establishes what happens to the business upon your death or incapacity, which is critical for estate planning. Without it, your business's future may depend on Texas default rules that were not designed with your situation in mind.
How do I register a DBA (assumed name) in Texas?
To operate under a trade name in Texas, you must file an Assumed Name Certificate (DBA) with the county clerk in every county where you transact business. For entities (LLCs, corporations), the certificate must be signed by an authorized representative and notarized. The filing fee varies by county — typically $15 to $25 per county. You must also file a new certificate every ten years to keep the registration current. If you plan to operate in multiple counties across the DFW metroplex, you will need a separate filing in each one.
Can I convert my sole proprietorship to an LLC in Texas?
Yes. You can form a new Texas LLC and transfer your business assets and contracts into it. The conversion is not automatic — you need to formally organize the LLC, obtain a new EIN from the IRS, update business licenses and permits, notify clients, and reassign contracts (which may require the other party's consent). Any intellectual property, domain names, and real estate should be formally transferred into the entity. Our attorneys guide North Texas business owners through this transition to ensure the new entity is properly established and the liability protection is real.
What is an S-Corporation and how do I elect it?
An S-Corporation is a federal tax election, not a separate entity type. An LLC or corporation can elect S-Corporation treatment by filing IRS Form 2553 within 75 days of the beginning of the tax year in which the election is to take effect (or within 75 days of formation for a new entity). The election allows business income to pass through to shareholders' individual returns, but more importantly, it permits owners who work in the business to pay themselves a reasonable salary and take additional profit as distributions not subject to self-employment tax. For profitable businesses, this can reduce the owner's annual tax burden by several thousand dollars or more.
What is the Texas franchise tax and does my LLC have to pay it?
The Texas franchise tax (also called the margin tax) applies to most business entities that do business in Texas, including LLCs. Entities with total annualized revenue at or below the no-tax-due threshold (currently $2.47 million) owe no franchise tax but must still file a Public Information Report annually. For entities above the threshold, the tax rate is 0.75% of taxable margin for most businesses and 0.375% for retail and wholesale businesses. Sole proprietorships and certain general partnerships are exempt. Even if your LLC owes no tax, failure to file the annual report can result in forfeiture of the entity's right to do business in Texas.
Does WG Law help with business formation throughout the DFW area?
Yes. WG Law forms and advises businesses throughout North Texas, including McKinney, Frisco, Plano, Allen, Prosper, Celina, Anna, Princeton, and the greater Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex. We handle entity selection, LLC and corporation formation, operating agreements, DBA registrations, registered agent arrangements, S-Corporation elections, and coordination with your CPA for tax planning. We also help existing businesses update or correct their formation documents when gaps or errors are discovered.

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